Impacts of travel volume on interactive behavior between pedestrians and vehicles

Most studies investigating road safety have not considered the lag impact of traffic volume on road users. Some studies highlighted the significant influence of pedestrian or vehicle volume on the safety of pedestrians, as well as their interactions with vehicles, at different areas of intersections. This study incorporates the lag duration of different road users to examine the effects of travel volume on their interactive behavior, including speed, acceleration/deceleration, sudden changes in speed, path alterations, and waiting to cross. We select six lag durations and divide the intersection into waiting areas and crossing areas. Models that account for different lag time lengths are conducted to explore how lag durations impact the interactive behavior of pedestrians and vehicles in each area. The results demonstrate that models incorporating time lag provide more accurate results of the influence of time lag on interactive behavior compared to models without the time lag. This research carries implications for enhancing the safety of pedestrians in intersection areas by uncovering the underlying mechanisms governing their interactions with vehicles.