Innovations and Progress in Transportation: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of Smartwatches

Smartwatches have become more and more popular since 2015. They have been used in many different fields and recently made their way to various fields of transportation. This study is designed to identify previous studies that focused on different smart wearable devices, especially smartwatches, and will evaluate their goals, methods, and findings, as well as their advantages and disadvantages, and will also be compared with smartphones. The PRISMA guideline was used in this study to systematically review relevant publications. After screening and reviewing the literature, 33 articles were included in the review. We ranked the studies in five categories: safety and driver behavior, health and physical activities, equity, comparison of smartwatches and smartphones, and workers and construction. The screening results suggested that while few studies focused on workers and construction, most smartwatch-related studies fall into the category of either safety and driver behavior, or health and physical activities. Moreover, it was found that the two aforementioned categories have become more popular during recent years. Given the fact that new versions of smartphones are equipped with more advanced health sensors, smartwatches can be used to a greater degree in transportation engineering fields, especially when investigating the physical activity and health-related issues of cyclists, scooter riders, and walkers. With the help of this review, researchers should be able to choose the best quantification method according to their objectives and study limitations.